What does off-nadir viewing enable a satellite to do?

Off-nadir viewing allows a satellite to capture images of areas that are not directly below its orbital path. This technique involves tilting the satellite's sensor to focus on regions at an angle rather than straight down. As a result, the satellite can cover more ground and gather data on different areas than would be possible with nadir (directly below) viewing alone. This capability is particularly valuable for applications like monitoring changes in land use, disaster response, and environmental studies, where it is beneficial to observe broader landscapes or specific targets outside the immediate point below the satellite's path.

The other options do not correctly reflect the primary purpose of off-nadir viewing. Capturing images directly below is confined to nadir viewing, capturing multiple spectral bands relates to the ability of sensors rather than the perspective of the viewing angle, and enhancing radiometric resolution is a function of sensor technology rather than the angle of observation. Thus, the focus on off-nadir viewing is specifically on observing broader areas beyond the ground directly below the satellite.