Which scanning method is characterized by transferring data along the spacecraft's trajectory?

The scanning method that is characterized by transferring data along the spacecraft's trajectory is along-track scanning. This approach involves sensors collecting data in a direction parallel to the movement of the sensor, which allows for continuous coverage of the area being observed as the spacecraft travels.

In this method, the data collection occurs in strips that follow the path of the satellite, enabling efficient mapping of large areas. It contrasts with other scanning techniques, such as across-track scanning, which collects data perpendicular to the direction of movement and may involve moving the sensor or mirror to cover different areas. By focusing on the trajectory, along-track scanning can achieve high data return rates and is favorable for applications that require monitoring changes over time, such as environmental studies or agriculture.

Overall, along-track scanning is essential for producing detailed images and mappings aligned with the spacecraft's trajectory, making it a critical method in remote sensing.